Module 7 - People and instruments Unit 7.2 - Tools: Paper tools
4. Answer the questions.
4.1. What features are to be considered when choosing the paper to print on?
aperta
Soluzione suggerita:The final purpose of the job at hand, which impacts finish, weight, opacity, and texture.
4. Answer the questions.
4.2. What types of speciality papers do you know of?
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Soluzione suggerita:Metallic, self-adhesive, waterproof, or food safe.
4. Answer the questions.
4.3. What are rotary printing presses?
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Soluzione suggerita:They are big machines that print materials rotating around a cylinder.
4. Answer the questions.
4.4. Why is rotogravure ideal for magazines and postcards?
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Soluzione suggerita:Because it produces high-quality images.
4. Answer the questions.
4.5. How do inkjet printers work? What is the difference between CIJs and DODs?
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Soluzione suggerita:They deposit droplets of ink onto paper and plastic substrates. CIJs create an uninterrupted stream of ink droplets, DODs use a print head with several nozzles moving across the page.
4. Answer the questions.
4.6. How do laser printers work?
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Soluzione suggerita:They pass a laser beam back and forth over a drum, collect toner, and transfer the image to paper.
4. Answer the questions.
4.7. Are photocopies expensive to produce?
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Soluzione suggerita:No, they aren’t.
4. Answer the questions.
4.8. Where do photo printing machines take the images from?
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Soluzione suggerita:They take images from a negative, a slide, or a digital image.
5. Complete the text with the missing sentences.
which drew good-quality lines on paper • completed in 1455 • for multiple writing • Ink passed onto it through the perforations • in the 7th century BC • millions of copies of a page a day • production systems and materials • transferred onto a block of smooth cherry
Some Printing Milestones The Chinese had already used a woodblock printing technique1. , and East-Asians continued to employ it until the 19th century. An image was drawn onto paper, 2. , and then the wood was carved accordingly and inked with brushes. A turning point in the methods of printing was Johannes Gutenberg’s invention of movable single letters or characters. He totally revolutionised 3. . With them, he wrote the Forty-Two-Line Bible, one of the first major printed books, 4. . Another milestone was the invention of the steam-powered rotary printing press by Richard M. Hoes in the US in 1843. It allowed the printing of 5. . Smaller presses were invented for small-format pieces like business cards, too. The rotary press is still used. As for the duplication of documents, a great boost was given by the invention of the cylostyle. It was an instrument 6. , as its inventor Francis Galton defined it. The writing was made on stencil paper, perforated by the teeth of a spur wheel, then laid on writing paper. 7. . The process could be repeated until the perforated sheet got damaged. A revolution in the printing of drawings took place decades ago with the invention of plotters, 8. with a pen and were used in applications like computer-aided design. In the late 20th century, artists began to rediscover them as they continued working well and were cheap to buy. Nowadays they have been replaced by large-format printers still called plotters.