Module 5 - Creative arts Unit 5.3 - Art: The 20th century: architecture
4. Answer the questions.
4.1. What artistic current did Kandinsky found?
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Soluzione suggerita:Abstractionism
4. Answer the questions.
4.2. Where did Constructivism originate?
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Soluzione suggerita:In the Soviet Union
4. Answer the questions.
4.3. Do the terms Liberty and Jugendstil refer to the same artistic current?
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Soluzione suggerita:Yes, they do.
4. Answer the questions.
4.4. Were the pioneers of twentieth century architecture in favour of decorative structures?
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Soluzione suggerita:No, they opposed them.
4. Answer the questions.
4.5. What is meant by Bauhaus?
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Soluzione suggerita:Bauhaus was a German art school which combined crafts and the fine arts and is also credited with the invention of the current concept of ‘industrial design’.
4. Answer the questions.
4.6. What is architecture according to Le Corbusier?
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Soluzione suggerita:He defined it as “the skilful, rigorous, and magnificent interplay of volumes assembled in light”.
4. Answer the questions.
4.7. Which shapes characterise Le Corbusier’s buildings?
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Soluzione suggerita:Cubes, cones, spheres, pyramids and cylinders.
4. Answer the questions.
4.8. Which materials did postmodernist architects use?
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Soluzione suggerita:Glass, steel, and reinforced concrete.
4. Answer the questions.
4.9. How is Gehry considered?
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Soluzione suggerita:He is considered the icon of contemporary architecture.
4. Answer the questions.
4.10. What do Foster and Piano have in common?
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Soluzione suggerita:They designed buildings for London.
5. Transform the given word into an adjective, noun, or verb, as appropriate.
The Bauhaus Mies Van Der Rohe and Gropius wanted to re-establish the artist’s lost contact with the world of 1. (PRODUCE), generating the Bauhaus style known today based on 2. (SIMPLE) and on the concept “less is more”. The Bauhaus, directed by Gropius, became the most important centre of 3. (MODERNITY) design until the Nazis closed it in 1933. He developed a philosophy of architecture and education, which he announced in 1923. “The aim of the visual arts”, he said, “is to create a complete, 4. (HOMOGENEITY) physical environment in which all the arts have their place. Architects, sculptors, furniture 5. (MAKE), and painters must learn practical crafts and obtain 6. (KNOW) of tools, materials, and forms”. The Bauhaus’s mission was to unify arts and 7. (CRAFT), and its instructors and graduates include a series of 20th- luminaries, among them Marcel Breuer, Wassily Kandinsky, Paul Klee, Josef Albers, and Mies van der Rohe. Gropius left the Bauhaus in 1928, and in 1937 he moved to the US, where he began 8. (TEACHER) at the Graduate School of Design at Harvard. Adapted from: https://www.domusweb.it/it/progettisti/ludwig-mies-van-der-rohe.html
6.Zaha Hadid: A look back at her work – BBC Newsposted by BBC News. Watch the video and complete.
Biodata Born in Baghdad, moved to London in the 1. She died in 2. Education She studied 3. in Iran and trained as an architect in London Architectural style She mixed old-school craft skills 4. with new Her buildings are 5. and look fluid. Buildings mentioned 6. Centre, Cubist-inspired building in 7. Quotations • “I was a woman, I did strange stuff. […] there’s a definite 8. to, about the woman thing.” (Zaha Hadid) • “I’m not sure it’s fully done, not here, not in this country. I’m still considered to be on the margin, you know, despite all these things, and I don’t mind being on the 9. , actually. It’s a good place to be.” (Zaha Hadid) • “She did 10. that gobsmacked you.” (Peter Cook)