4. Decide if the sentences are true or false.

5. Read the text and complete the sentences.

Music Television
MTV started just after midnight on August 1, 1981. After an early difficult beginning, MTV expanded its programming to include rhythm and blues artists, and the network took off. Singles such as Michael Jackson’s Thriller (1982) not only showed the strengths of the music video format but proved that exposure on MTV could push artists to an amazing popularity. The network brought success to such singers as Madonna and Duran Duran, who used increasingly sophisticated techniques to make the visual elements of the video as important as the music. MTV also gave renewed life to Tina Turner and Peter Gabriel, each of whom scored the biggest hits of their careers thanks to the heavy rotation of their videos. By the mid-1980s, MTV had produced an evident effect on motion pictures, commercials, and television. The purpose of MTV was playing music videos 24 hours a day and seven days a week, guided by video jockeys, also called VJs, which was a word pun on the letters DJ (disc jockey). The original slogans of the channel were “You’ll never look at music the same way again”, and “On cable. In stereo.”
Adapted from: https://www.britannica.com/topic/MTV

5.1. MTV started… aperta

5. Read the text and complete the sentences.

Music Television
MTV started just after midnight on August 1, 1981. After an early difficult beginning, MTV expanded its programming to include rhythm and blues artists, and the network took off. Singles such as Michael Jackson’s Thriller (1982) not only showed the strengths of the music video format but proved that exposure on MTV could push artists to an amazing popularity. The network brought success to such singers as Madonna and Duran Duran, who used increasingly sophisticated techniques to make the visual elements of the video as important as the music. MTV also gave renewed life to Tina Turner and Peter Gabriel, each of whom scored the biggest hits of their careers thanks to the heavy rotation of their videos. By the mid-1980s, MTV had produced an evident effect on motion pictures, commercials, and television. The purpose of MTV was playing music videos 24 hours a day and seven days a week, guided by video jockeys, also called VJs, which was a word pun on the letters DJ (disc jockey). The original slogans of the channel were “You’ll never look at music the same way again”, and “On cable. In stereo.”
Adapted from: https://www.britannica.com/topic/MTV

5.2. Michael Jackson’s Thriller showed… aperta

5. Read the text and complete the sentences.

Music Television
MTV started just after midnight on August 1, 1981. After an early difficult beginning, MTV expanded its programming to include rhythm and blues artists, and the network took off. Singles such as Michael Jackson’s Thriller (1982) not only showed the strengths of the music video format but proved that exposure on MTV could push artists to an amazing popularity. The network brought success to such singers as Madonna and Duran Duran, who used increasingly sophisticated techniques to make the visual elements of the video as important as the music. MTV also gave renewed life to Tina Turner and Peter Gabriel, each of whom scored the biggest hits of their careers thanks to the heavy rotation of their videos. By the mid-1980s, MTV had produced an evident effect on motion pictures, commercials, and television. The purpose of MTV was playing music videos 24 hours a day and seven days a week, guided by video jockeys, also called VJs, which was a word pun on the letters DJ (disc jockey). The original slogans of the channel were “You’ll never look at music the same way again”, and “On cable. In stereo.”
Adapted from: https://www.britannica.com/topic/MTV

5.3. The exposure on MTV could push singers to… aperta

5. Read the text and complete the sentences.

Music Television
MTV started just after midnight on August 1, 1981. After an early difficult beginning, MTV expanded its programming to include rhythm and blues artists, and the network took off. Singles such as Michael Jackson’s Thriller (1982) not only showed the strengths of the music video format but proved that exposure on MTV could push artists to an amazing popularity. The network brought success to such singers as Madonna and Duran Duran, who used increasingly sophisticated techniques to make the visual elements of the video as important as the music. MTV also gave renewed life to Tina Turner and Peter Gabriel, each of whom scored the biggest hits of their careers thanks to the heavy rotation of their videos. By the mid-1980s, MTV had produced an evident effect on motion pictures, commercials, and television. The purpose of MTV was playing music videos 24 hours a day and seven days a week, guided by video jockeys, also called VJs, which was a word pun on the letters DJ (disc jockey). The original slogans of the channel were “You’ll never look at music the same way again”, and “On cable. In stereo.”
Adapted from: https://www.britannica.com/topic/MTV

5.4. Madonna and Duran Duran used sophisticated techniques to make… aperta

5. Read the text and complete the sentences.

Music Television
MTV started just after midnight on August 1, 1981. After an early difficult beginning, MTV expanded its programming to include rhythm and blues artists, and the network took off. Singles such as Michael Jackson’s Thriller (1982) not only showed the strengths of the music video format but proved that exposure on MTV could push artists to an amazing popularity. The network brought success to such singers as Madonna and Duran Duran, who used increasingly sophisticated techniques to make the visual elements of the video as important as the music. MTV also gave renewed life to Tina Turner and Peter Gabriel, each of whom scored the biggest hits of their careers thanks to the heavy rotation of their videos. By the mid-1980s, MTV had produced an evident effect on motion pictures, commercials, and television. The purpose of MTV was playing music videos 24 hours a day and seven days a week, guided by video jockeys, also called VJs, which was a word pun on the letters DJ (disc jockey). The original slogans of the channel were “You’ll never look at music the same way again”, and “On cable. In stereo.”
Adapted from: https://www.britannica.com/topic/MTV

5.5. Tina Turner and Peter Gabriel scored the biggest hits of their careers thanks to… aperta

5. Read the text and complete the sentences.

Music Television
MTV started just after midnight on August 1, 1981. After an early difficult beginning, MTV expanded its programming to include rhythm and blues artists, and the network took off. Singles such as Michael Jackson’s Thriller (1982) not only showed the strengths of the music video format but proved that exposure on MTV could push artists to an amazing popularity. The network brought success to such singers as Madonna and Duran Duran, who used increasingly sophisticated techniques to make the visual elements of the video as important as the music. MTV also gave renewed life to Tina Turner and Peter Gabriel, each of whom scored the biggest hits of their careers thanks to the heavy rotation of their videos. By the mid-1980s, MTV had produced an evident effect on motion pictures, commercials, and television. The purpose of MTV was playing music videos 24 hours a day and seven days a week, guided by video jockeys, also called VJs, which was a word pun on the letters DJ (disc jockey). The original slogans of the channel were “You’ll never look at music the same way again”, and “On cable. In stereo.”
Adapted from: https://www.britannica.com/topic/MTV

5.6. MTV produced also an effect on … aperta

5. Read the text and complete the sentences.

Music Television
MTV started just after midnight on August 1, 1981. After an early difficult beginning, MTV expanded its programming to include rhythm and blues artists, and the network took off. Singles such as Michael Jackson’s Thriller (1982) not only showed the strengths of the music video format but proved that exposure on MTV could push artists to an amazing popularity. The network brought success to such singers as Madonna and Duran Duran, who used increasingly sophisticated techniques to make the visual elements of the video as important as the music. MTV also gave renewed life to Tina Turner and Peter Gabriel, each of whom scored the biggest hits of their careers thanks to the heavy rotation of their videos. By the mid-1980s, MTV had produced an evident effect on motion pictures, commercials, and television. The purpose of MTV was playing music videos 24 hours a day and seven days a week, guided by video jockeys, also called VJs, which was a word pun on the letters DJ (disc jockey). The original slogans of the channel were “You’ll never look at music the same way again”, and “On cable. In stereo.”
Adapted from: https://www.britannica.com/topic/MTV

5.7. The purpose of MTV was… aperta

5. Read the text and complete the sentences.

Music Television
MTV started just after midnight on August 1, 1981. After an early difficult beginning, MTV expanded its programming to include rhythm and blues artists, and the network took off. Singles such as Michael Jackson’s Thriller (1982) not only showed the strengths of the music video format but proved that exposure on MTV could push artists to an amazing popularity. The network brought success to such singers as Madonna and Duran Duran, who used increasingly sophisticated techniques to make the visual elements of the video as important as the music. MTV also gave renewed life to Tina Turner and Peter Gabriel, each of whom scored the biggest hits of their careers thanks to the heavy rotation of their videos. By the mid-1980s, MTV had produced an evident effect on motion pictures, commercials, and television. The purpose of MTV was playing music videos 24 hours a day and seven days a week, guided by video jockeys, also called VJs, which was a word pun on the letters DJ (disc jockey). The original slogans of the channel were “You’ll never look at music the same way again”, and “On cable. In stereo.”
Adapted from: https://www.britannica.com/topic/MTV

5.8. The term VJ was… aperta

6. Fill in the gaps with the words given below. There are three extra words.

difference • performance • clips • story • director • storytelling • narrator • frame • live

Classifying Video clips
Since the 1980s, attempts have been made to classify video 1. . Among the first to attempt this in 1983 was the critic Arnold S. Wolfe. He distinguished, for example, between ‘performance video clips’, simple band performances, and ‘conceptual video clips’, telling a 2. related in some way to the song. The famous film 3. David Lynch, also producer of some video clips, took up the classification, proposing:
• 4. video clips,
• narrative video clips,
• non-narrative video clips (no storytelling, only visual suggestions).
The 5. between ‘performance video clips’ and ‘conceptual video clips’ also returned in the writings of music critic Micheal Shore and in those of John A. Walker, who, in 1987, identified two macro-categories: ‘6. performance videos’ and ‘subject videos’, where staging prevails.