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Unit 2.1 The basics of electricity
Page 47


1. Complete the text with the correct words.

ELECTRICITY

Electricity was discovered in ancient Greece. It operates 1. and appliances. Electricity can be understood by studying matter, which consists of 2. made up of 3. and neutrons inside the nucleus, and 4. orbiting around it.
Atoms that gain electrons become 5. ions, while those that lose electrons become 6. ions. Both types of ions have electric charge, called 7. : when they have the same charge, they 8. each other, whereas, when they have opposite charges, they 9. each other.
2. Match the beginnings and endings.
work with electricity only.in our lives today.electrons are free to move.becoming a negative or a positive ion.smaller particles with different charges.as soon as the study of matter was made possible.repel each other.attract each other.are strictly bound inside the nucleus.is an attractive force.
Electricity has a very important role… →
Appliances and devices… →
The way electricity worked became evident… →
Atoms are made up of… →
Protons and neutrons… →
In an atom, … →
An atom can gain or lose electrons… →
Static… →
Same charges… →
Opposite charges… →
3.1 Watch the video and decide if the sentences are true or false.
1. Static electricity can be felt by touching a metal object.
2. In an atom there are more protons than electrons.
3. Most matter is electrically positive.
4. Electrons are very small and quite free to move away from the atom.
5. A light friction is enough to make electrons leave their atoms.
6. Objects with more protons than electrons are negatively charged.
7. As a rule, electrons tend to move towards a positively charged body.
8. Static discharge happens with every object we touch.
9. Plastic is a material that can cause static discharge.
10. An example of static electricity in nature is lightning.
3.2 Correct the false sentences from the previous exercise. aperta