14. Match each word with its definition or description.
It can be found near the sea.A cylindrical piece of metal.A thin piece of something.To draw a picture by cutting it on a surface.A drawing that is usually repeated.To add chemicals to silicon.The process of transferring an image onto a surface.A material made out of sand.
Etching →
Doping →
Photolithography →
Sand →
Silicon →
Pattern →
Slice →
Ingot →
15.1 Watch the video and answer the question: what does a chip look like?
aperta
Soluzione suggerita: A chip looks like a tiny skyscraper.
15.2 Watch the video in the previous exercise and answer the question: how many layers has a chip got?
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Soluzione suggerita: A chip has got more than 100 layers.
15.3 Watch the video in Exercise 15.1 and answer the question: how do lithography systems print chip patterns?
aperta
Soluzione suggerita: They print chip patterns by shining light from a source onto a blueprint, or mask.
15.4 Watch the video in Exercise 15.1 and answer the question: why is lithography becoming more challenging?
aperta
Soluzione suggerita: Because chip features continue to reduce their dimensions.
15.5 Watch the video in Exercise 15.1 and answer the question: what is used to predict how a pattern will print on a wafer?
aperta
Soluzione suggerita: Models and algorithms.
15.6 Watch the video in Exercise 15.1 and answer the question: what is “computational lithography”?
aperta
Soluzione suggerita: Computational lithography is the use of models and algorithms to adjust deformations and tune the lithography system to produce the best possible image.
15.7 Watch the video in Exercise 15.1 and answer the question: why must optimisation tools be used to reshape the light again?
aperta
Soluzione suggerita: Because light heats and deforms the optics.
15.8 Watch the video in Exercise 15.1 and answer the question: what is it necessary to ensure in the process of lithography?
aperta
Soluzione suggerita: It is necessary to ensure that the pattern prints correctly.