water • extruder • metals • die • cutting • additive • rod • brazing • workpiece • drawing
1. Metalworking is the process of forming and shaping to create useful tools and objects. 2. refers to the process of removing material from a workpiece to shape it according to specifications. 3. Grinding is a process through which a wheel removes amounts of material from a . 4. To produce very clean cuts without generating heat, a jet cutting process can be used. 5. is a metalworking process which uses tensile forces to stretch metal or glass. 6. In powder forming, powders are squeezed in a under high pressure and then heated below their melting points. 7. In dissimilar welding the weld is obtained by adding extra material through the melting of a filler . 8. Soldering, which is similar to , is primarily used for electronic connections and delicate components. 9. 3D printing is called manufacturing because it uses successive layers of material to create an object. 10. In 3D printing, a string of plastic material is introduced into the to be melted.
21. Listen to the text and fill the gaps with the words you hear.
Bending Bending in metalworking is a manufacturing 1. where a force is applied to a sheet, plate, or 2. of metal to deform it into a desired angle or shape without it 3. . It is commonly used to create parts with U-shapes, V-shapes, or other curved profiles. The metal is placed on a 4. , and a punch applies 5. to bend the material. The bend occurs in the elastic and plastic 6. ranges of the material. The tools used are a press brake, which is a common 7. used for bending metal sheets, and a punch and die, which are essential 8. that determine the angle and shape of the bend. The factors to consider for bending are the material properties such as 9. , thickness, hardness, and the springback, i.e. the tendency of the material to partially return to its original 10. after bending.